Gabriella Karin

* 1930

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  • "And did you feel any increase in anti-Semitism even before the war broke out... any signs from people, or only after it broke out? I remember when we had to wear a star. I don't know what year it came out... my grandmother had that star and grabbed her bag... and when she went out into the street, she wanted to hide it... but the old lady, she could see it somewhere and there were young people... they started throwing stones at her, words and they said all kinds of things. Really, it didn't start with people being thrown...it started with words. How did you personally perceive it, that as a young woman... still a teenager at the time... that you were ten to fifteen years old at that time... how did you perceive it, that it started to happen like this... Where we had the shop, there was a yard and there were children, so I went to play. And one boy who didn't live in that house, but his mother was a washerwoman there, so when he saw me, he always beat me. I came home to my mother and cried... she says: "Look, I can't help you, help yourself." I was so small... what can I do? One day I will go there… nobody was there and I had it… I jumped on it… Skipping rope? Jumping rope... happy, no one is here, I can play. And suddenly I saw him coming... and when he came a little closer, I grabbed one end and turned it. So I found him there...can I say it in English? Yes. I hit him in the groin. He screamed… he never hit me, never beat me! Mother sent from the store... as far as I know, fruit and things... because we were afraid that mother would go and say that they were Jews... you know."

  • "And the place was no longer for the grandmother. One Blanár family... then Bratislava was bombed and many people, maybe not the whole family... maybe the men stayed in Bratislava to work, but the family went to the villages... and they went to Malženica and took my grandmother and said that she was their mother. I wanted to see her, but it was very difficult to go. But then one day, I went there and was there for a few days. And I was sick, I got a cold... nothing complicated and my parents said: "Come home, come home... come back." So my uncle... they didn't want me to go on the train, because they were looking for Jews everywhere... so my uncle came by bicycle... it was about forty, thirty kilometers... Malženice. And he took me… I sat on the back of the bike so we didn't have to go on the main street… he could have done it. We arrived in Bratislava, we could no longer go by bicycle. Everywhere was full of people... not only on the sides... policemen, Hlink's Guard and Germans in uniform... it was in the forty-second. As we were going, a German caught me... and I was very scared. Uncle didn't wait a minute... he grabbed my... Shoulders? Or… How do you say it? Shoulders! Shoulders? Shoulders... shoulders, he caught. He took me out of their hands and I quickly walked among the people... just on my knees until I came somewhere where there were no more people. After that I didn't know where I was anymore, but somehow I found a place... to come home. And that uncle also went somewhere in the meantime... or? That's when I lost him... but he came."

  • "And about the possibility of emigrating... Did you think about that from the beginning, or how did it develop for you? Not right away... not at the beginning... maybe he thought, but one day he came and said: "I'm going... Here's the Hagana transport...", there were four, four Hagana... so we came with the second one. He says, "If you want to be my wife, then... okay!" So I was in love so... we were just walking on the street and... If he... we had that wedding and people didn't want... they were... what's it called Mikulov... Mikulov... there was that camp near Olomouc and they didn't want to give those boys a holiday, because ... because everyone said I was going to get married and he just came home... he didn't get married. So they didn't want to let them get married. He somehow ran away, we got married and he had to go back right away. And… Then when the man showed up, they gave him a few days. And actually the training in that camp... how long did it actually take, it was months, weeks? In that Mikulov... Months… It was months... in that... I knew it... Mikulov? Near Olomouc... Mikulov, Mikulov? I do not know now. And actually it was purely military training, or... That was... I know the history, I learned about it later... Golda Meirová... she was not prime minister yet, but she was already in office. They sent her to America, to Chicago where there was a conference, but they didn't know that she would come. And when she came, she gave a speech... she asked for 25 million dollars... they wanted to buy four airplanes. She gave such a good lecture that she received 50 million. As I know, Czechoslovakia had those planes. She bought four airplanes and four transports with young soldiers who were given in Mikulovec... Mikulovec! In Mikulovec... training... and we came by second transport and allowed the parents too. "

  • "When the deportations took place, we didn't have any papers... I was at home, I wasn't at school, I don't know why, but... and the house where the shop was, at night... the gate there... was closed. Who was paying attention there, emergency... he was a policeman. They rang the doorbell, he opened it. Five came... the police came and said: "Do you have any Jews here?" Aaa, one family, a family... but they have been rechristened since they were born. Why did he say that... it doesn't have any... Either they were Christians or they weren't Christians. "We want to see them." They came... we were sitting with our suitcases... we thought that we... we didn't have any papers... then my mother found something, but... we were packed to be taken, she knew we were on the list... And everyone came, but they didn't come to the door... he looked, left... the other looked, looked... and they left. The manager came and said, "They asked if I had Jews here and I told them... they were baptized from birth... they are Christians... I am, I said okay?" You couldn't have said it better, they left! And then there were never such controls? Not."

  • "And after the outbreak of the uprising, or how the army arrived... there you mentioned Mr. Blanár... how did it come about, or how did it proceed? Mom knew the Germans would come. She found an apartment in the Slovak League. Karol Blanár and my aunt lived here... that was his love. And here was an empty apartment... because many people left... not because they wanted to, because they bombed Bratislava. Maybe the men stayed to work, but the families went to Malženica... it was... somewhere where it was quiet. And so there was an apartment, and my mother talked to the one who lived there... but she didn't say that they were Jews, he didn't know that... but the next day, they took Jews. So he gave us a sign, leave the apartment, otherwise I will report you. So the apartment was like that... we were here and Karol Blanár was here. So mom went there... what can we... we can't go anywhere... people are being taken on the streets. So come here, come here... And that was us... father, mother, me... there were two brothers from my mother, an aunt and two friends. Only she was first and a friend of my parents. We were there from September to April, I don't know exactly. And maybe two months before we were freed… he was taken on the forty-second… Who? Husband from that woman who was also with us. That mother's friend... Yes. And what was her name actually? Schultz... Esther Schultz. I don't know his last name. And… So they took him in the forty-second and we didn't know. " And so there was an apartment, and my mother talked to the one who lived there... but she didn't say that they were Jews, he didn't know that... but the next day, they took Jews. So he gave us a sign, leave the apartment, otherwise I will report you. So the apartment was like that... we were here and Karol Blanár was here. So mom went there... what can we... we can't go anywhere... people are being taken on the streets. So come here, come here... And that was us... father, mother, me... there were two brothers from my mother, an aunt and two friends. Only she was first and a friend of my parents. We were there from September to April, I don't know exactly. And maybe two months before we were freed… he was taken on the forty-second… Who? Husband from that woman who was also with us. That mother's friend... Yes. And what was her name actually? Schultz... Esther Schultz. I don't know his last name. And… So they took him in the forty-second and we didn't know. "

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    Bratislava, 12.07.2024

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“It doesn’t matter what color your eyes are, what color your hair is, what color your skin is, we are all the same people... we don’t have to love everyone, but we have to respect every person on this earth... we all have a right to be here!”

Gabriella Y. Karin while documenting her life story
Gabriella Y. Karin while documenting her life story
photo: Photo by Post Bellum SK

Gabriella Y. Karin was born on November 17, 1930 in Bratislava, into a family of Jewish origin. She was the only child of her parents, father Arpád Földes and mother Šavelta, née Kurková. Arpád, a businessman in body and soul, met Šavelta in Nitra, while working. It wasn’t long before they got married. They started their life together in Bratislava, where they owned a shop called Delikates. Since the parents were busy with work, it can be said that Gabriella grew up with her grandmother and was justifiably very close to her. She clearly had a very hard time enduring the subsequent separation from her grandmother in 1942, at the time of the raging Second World War, during which she was sheltered by a Christian family, the Blanárs, to avoid being transported. Anti-Semitism was felt even before the outbreak of the war, but people began to behave worse than animals, just at the time of the issuing of restrictive regulations, in relation to the Jewish population. Her whole family was attacked verbally, but also physically. From 1942, at the time of the deportations, Gabriella’s family hid in a warehouse near their Delikates store. Later, as Gabriella was officially adopted by her aunt Elena Binderová, who was baptized, she went to the Ursuline Monastery in Bratislava. She was part of the teaching process and also lived in a dormitory for one year, which saved her life. When the situation was calmer, she went back to her parents’ warehouse on Špitálska Street in Bratislava. After the arrival of the Germans, i.e. until September 1944, until the suppression of the Slovak National Uprising, the family hid in an apartment in the Slovak League, from where they were shortly sent away because they were Jews. They had nowhere to go. At the last moment, their neighbor Karol Blanár took them in, who at the same time was already hiding their aunt, his secret love. Gabriella was already hiding in his small apartment with her parents, their aunt, her mother’s two brothers and two friends. In difficult conditions, but in safety, they lasted until April 1945, until liberation. After liberation, Gabriella began studying at a local family school in Bratislava, where she spent the next three years. Since she was already a young woman, it was more than likely that love would also enter her life. František came from Dunajská Streda and was also of Jewish origin. After nine months, in October 1948, they decided to get married and spend the rest of their lives together. However, František made the marriage conditional on his decision to emigrate. The fact that the then Israeli Prime Minister Golda Meirová bought airplanes from Czechoslovakia along with several transports of young soldiers meant a ticket to Israel for two young people. In 1948, they managed to emigrate to Israel, and two months after them, Gabriella’s parents arrived with their belongings. Gabriella started doing embroidery there, and František rebuilt brick cars. Since Gabriella was suffering from health problems that she carried over from the Second World War, the doctors did not give her much of a chance to get pregnant. When they decided to adopt, after ten long years of trying, their only son, Ron, was born on September 18, 1965. In 1967, the family decided to emigrate again, but this time to the United States of America, Los Angeles, where they still live today. They were engaged in the same professions. Currently, Gabriella is engaged in sculpture and also lectures mainly at the Holocaust Museum and the Museum of Tolerance in Los Angeles. She has been a lecturer since 1992 and talks about what she unfortunately had to go through. Today, she basically lectures all over America, while students, teachers, policemen and the like come to her lectures.