Josef Moder

* 1938

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  • "I have such a special experience from that time, the school opposite the town hall, I started going there from school in 1944. And already after Christmas 1944, every time there was an air raid alert, we were dismissed from the school. There would be a garden to the left and right in front and the middle, that's where we had to board, the Americans or the Russians were flying over us, I don't know, but we had to shout Heil Hitler. Can you imagine that? That's terrible. I can't get it out of my head, but I guess the teachers were forced to do that. Those teachers urged us to shout Heil Hitler."

  • "I was unhappy about one thing, I don't know if you'll understand. I wasn't Czech and I wasn't German. I didn't know how to speak Czech properly, to write, I was still learning that later on, but it was the same in German, we only spoke Egerlandic at home. I said to myself: this is not life. If we have a child, it has to change. And that was the beginning of it... My wife lost her first child and I still wanted a child. In 1964, our first daughter was born. And I said, one day, right after the girl was born, look, this life is not possible. I was convinced of that. I'm nothing. I always thought I could make a little more out of my life. I told my wife, we have to try to move out. That was terrible, terrible. At that time, you always had to apply, you had to get all kinds of documents to go with the application, also the employer's confirmation that they would fire me if I got the relocation to Germany. And we always had to take these documents to the commission, which was in Sokolov on the square. The first time I was there, they threatened me with all kinds of things. All kinds of things. They also asked me: 'Why do you want to move?' I'm not as stupid as they thought, so I told them: 'I have an aunt there. My aunt lost her husband in that senseless war, and my cousin is in a sanatorium near Regensburg - it still exists today - he had a lung disorder, I want to help them.' 'No - so - convince your aunt to move to Czech.' I said: 'I don't think she will do that, she left here.' As I told you that she was leaving with furniture. So we were there with the first request, we didn't get any answer at all, we asked maybe four times, but I don't know anymore."

  • "And the soldier, the Russian soldier, came with a jug of milk, the American soldier was waiting for him, took the jug, poured the milk down the drain, then put water in it, rinsed it out, then gave him the jug and kicked him. And the Russian had to go again to the other side, to the other exit street. That's the kind of thing I experienced directly, I'll never forget it. It means that people didn't understand right at the end of World War II that something should change in the world. Imagine, two armies abroad fighting each other again."

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    Nové Sedlo, 03.03.2025

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We were not allowed to go to Germany. They told us they needed dad

Josef Moder in 1957 in Chodov
Josef Moder in 1957 in Chodov
photo: archive of a witness

Josef Moder was born on October 26, 1938 in Chodov in the Karlovy Vary region into a Sudeten German family. His father Anton worked as a foreman in a porcelain factory and his mother Emma came from an agricultural background. During World War II, his father had to fight in the Wehrmacht, was taken prisoner by the British and did not return home until 1946. Josef Moder witnessed the arrival of the American and Red Army in Chodov. After the war, the family avoided being deported by the Germans thanks to his father’s expertise in the porcelain factory. However, Josef experienced a difficult childhood when the Germans had limited rights and he could not get a higher education. After graduating from a horticultural apprenticeship, he worked as a driver and completed his military service, during which he was wrongfully accused of a traffic accident. In 1964, he responded with a letter of protest to President Novotný against the condemnatory words against the Sudeten Germans. In 1966, he obtained permission to emigrate to West Germany with his wife and daughter and settled in the Bavarian city of Reich. There he established himself as a horticulturist, received vocational training in landscaping and worked as a horticultural and landscape consultant, later as head of the greenery department and as an expert witness. After 1989 he was actively involved in the restoration of relations between his native Chodov and the German town of Waldsassen, for which he was awarded by the town of Chodov and the Bishop of Pilsen. He and his wife raised two daughters.