My mum was crying and I understood that my dad was among the men who were made to face the wall
Josef Bílek was born on 5 February 1939 in Vlkonice, a settlement in the Benešov Region, where his parents owned a farm. The family had to move out at the end of 1943 due to the foundation of a military training area for the SS. They did not lose just their house but also their main livelihood. They got an alternative accommodation in a nearby village of Veliš where they lived in extremely poor conditions until the end of the war. Josef has childhood memories of May 1945 when the Red Army was approaching the area of Benešov and German soldiers, mainly members of the SS units were quickly and chaotically escaping from it. Only partly armed Czech rebels were getting in their way and many conflicts which often had a tragic end took place. Such an event took place on 7 May 1945 in Veliš. SS soldiers captured and wanted to kill forty men there, Josef´s father was among the hostages. The execution did not take place thanks to a negotiation of the local teacher with the commander of the German unit. Josef also remembers the arrival of soldiers of the Red Army, the departure of captured Germans, and also the condition in which the area of Benešov was after the war. The Bílek family returned home in May 1945, but the house was largely destroyed and the fields littered with unexploded ammunition. That is why Josef´s father signed a contract to rent a farm in Milonice, another nearby village, for six years. The farm became part of a united agricultural cooperative during collectivization; however, Josef´s father refused to join it and the family returned home to Vlkonice in 1952. Josef graduated from a grammar school and then from a water management extension course. He worked at the Hydrometeorological Institute in Prague for almost his entire working career. He returned to his native place for retirement and he tried to reconstruct the house in Vlkonice. However, he did not finish the reconstruction due to health issues and he sold the house. He lived in a retirement house in Sedlčany at the time of recording in 2021.