Gerhold Kostelník

* 1937

  • "There were two cannons with us. One was near the barn and one near the shed. They were firing towards Poland. They were firing for maybe a week. In a week, the Russians dug out the cannons. Exactly where the cannons were firing from. I remember it like today. There was also a kitchen. One of the chauffeurs was going to get cooking materials, so he told me to go with him. We were walking to the car and at that moment a grenade hit the meadow. He shouted at me to run home. So I ran and they left it all standing there as it was and they also ran somewhere to hide. I still tell everybody today that if the Russians had hit two hundred yards further, our farm, our land would have been smashed to pieces. Because two bombs fell on the meadow. There was a funnel maybe three meters deep, five meters wide. And maybe twenty grenades fell there."

  • "Then, when the Russians came a few days later... Gee. What they could rob, they robbed. They chased us, and we were scared. They thought we were Germans, but then they calmed down a bit, because we told them we were once Czechs. So they calmed down a bit. The first bunch was good. But the second bunch that came... Oh, my God. They were a bunch. I remember a Russian guy used to go there. He scared us. He was shouting at my mother, "Chazajka! Give me the eggs! Fuck your mother! He was yelling and walking around with a gun, saying he was going to shoot us. So we always ran next door to Grandma's basement. Two days later he came again and my mother told me to come with her, that we would go and feed the animals. Even though I was a kid and scared, I was with her when the bastard came again."

  • "He didn’t join the collective farm, and they had no reason to punish him. He had met all his delivery quotas. Everything. Completely everything. So they couldn't punish him with anything and he fought back. That he wasn't going and he wasn't going. He always told them, "If you guys had put as much money into the farm as I did, you wouldn't have signed it either. What I've done and worked to pay it back. And now I'm supposed to give it to you for free? No, I'm not. Don't ask me to sign. Take it, but without my signature.' That's what he told them. And they said it´s not their fault. So he said, "Leave me alone then. And he just didn't join the co-op. No way."

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    Ostrava, 12.08.2024

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    duration: 02:32:20
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    Ostrava, 16.08.2024

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    duration: 02:38:14
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The bunkers fell without a fight. Kostelník’s land, it never fell

Gerhold Kostelnik, 1968
Gerhold Kostelnik, 1968
photo: Gerhold Kostelník archive

Gerhold Kostelník was born on 16 March 1937 in Hať, Hlučín region, into the family of Ludvík Kostelník, a blacksmith. In the mid-1930s his father bought a farm and started farming with his wife Anna. During the war, his father had to enlist in the Wehrmacht and was captured in the Soviet Union. He returned home in the autumn of 1945. Gerhold Kostelnik experienced the retreat of the German army from Hať at the end of the war, the bombing by the Red Army and the violence against the civilian population. He finished primary school and helped his parents on the farm. At the beginning of the 1950s, his father and mother resisted collectivisation, refused to join a cooperative and farmed privately throughout the era of socialist Czechoslovakia, with their younger son Vilibald Kostelník taking over the farm. Gerhold Kostelník graduated from a two-year agricultural school in Klimkovice in the Novojičín region and worked on the state farm. In 2024 he lived in his house in Hať.