Arnošt Obrusník

* 1939

  • "It was such a simple, ordinary production. The cockroaches had already been removed, they knew exactly when to hide. But when there was more work from Friday to Saturday and they started an hour earlier, we always caught them. We turned the lights on and there were a lot of cockroaches. My mother always said, 'Son, son, when you come in from the bakery, leave all your clothes in the yard. I've got to check to see if there's a cockroach in there.' In those clothes. That was in every bakery."

  • "It was all shooting. The Germans were retreating and the Soviet army was pushing them into the woods, and many of those soldiers who were buried there were killed. In 1947 there was an exhumation. So the people of the village had to do the work. They got a bottle of rum and without gloves they had to drag them out, put them in wooden coffins and a horse-drawn carriage took them to Opava. They would leave in the morning and return with the horses in the afternoon. The smell in the village was unbearable. The German soldiers didn't go out at all, there were too many of them. But the number is probably not well known. Over a hundred."

  • "We couldn't be at home because they turned our family house into the a command headquarters, so we all had to go to the neighbors' cellar. Suddenly, as the front came, [one] kind of slant-eyed [soldier] got a telegram that his son had been killed in the war. He was a little drunk, so he shot the dog, which was barking at him a lot. The dog was probably badly shot and howled terribly. He dragged us all out of the cellar and said: 'You're a German soldier, we'll shoot you all!' We all had to line up in the yard and he threatened us with a machine gun. But when the dog howled so badly, a Czech officer came running from our family house across the garden and prevented it."

  • Full recordings
  • 1

    Opava, 08.07.2024

    (audio)
    duration: 02:04:34
    media recorded in project Silesia: Memory of multiethnic Region
  • 2

    Ostrava, 15.07.2024

    (audio)
    duration: 02:07:07
    media recorded in project Silesia: Memory of multiethnic Region
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Don’t look! My father shouted at me

Arnošt Obrusník at the apprenticeship school for bakers in Hladke Životice in 1954
Arnošt Obrusník at the apprenticeship school for bakers in Hladke Životice in 1954
photo: Archive of the witness

Arnošt Obrusník was born on 21 September 1939 in Strahovice in the Opava region as the third of five siblings. His father returned from the war in 1945 without his right arm, which he lost in Belarus. During the biggest battles in the village, they hid in the neighbors’ basement, as the Soviets had set up a headquarters in their house. But a drunken soldier chased them out of the cellar, pointed a machine gun at them and threatened to shoot them. Another soldier shot his uncle, who was fleeing from the burning cellar. He watched as German soldiers fled into the woods and the Soviets shot at them. The dead soldiers had to be exhumed by local citizens and taken out of the village on wagons. In the 1950s, the family gave their fields and cow to the JZD (Unified Agriculture cooperative). To get bread, the witness went with ration cards to the baker Macošek and wanted to become a baker after his example. At the army in Trebon he had to cook for 3000 soldiers, although he did not train as a cook. In total, he went through thirty-nine bakeries out of fifty-one in the Opava district. In order to be able to hold leading positions, he joined the Communist Party in the first half of the 1980s. He was put in charge of supervising sensitive documents subject to state secrecy at the secretariat of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in Opava. After the Velvet Revolution, he became the first entrepreneur in the district. In 2024 he lived in Kozmice.