Ing. Leo Rotter

* 1931

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  • "Then people in Brno started saying that these 'Mischlings'—that they would be considered Germans... that they’d let the women go, the divorced ones, but the 'Mischlings'... I am a 'jüdischer Mischling' in German, or a 'Jewish mixed-race person' in Czech. They said those would be interned. So my mother hid me with Miss Eli in Strážek. The people there didn’t know who I really was. Luckily, there wasn’t anyone there who would report me to the Germans and have them investigate me."

  • "My mother was raped by the Russians. Thankfully, I didn’t end up with a little brother or sister from it." - "They raped her?"- "Yes! Two Russians raped my mother. But you couldn’t talk about it under the Communists. God forbid you said anything about it! That was considered Zionist propaganda. The things one has been through, you know... it’s hard to even talk about it."

  • "Then there was a teacher here, he was a captain, he had a woman with him, a soldier, they slept in the bedroom, and he told my mother, 'Just don't bring the Communists in here. Nothing worse can happen to you!' A soldier! A Russian soldier."

  • "He was allowed to write once a quarter and twice a year he was allowed to send a fifteen-pound parcel on what was called the Terezin stamp. That's worth an awful lot today. The ghetto in Terezin was basically a kind of temporary ghetto. In that Terezín ghetto, transports were then made to Auschwitz [Auschwitz]. The funniest thing was that my grandmother Regina survived there in that Terezin. She didn't go on any of the transports. She survived. My father was there until October 1944. In October 1944, he went by transport to Auschwitz, and on the ramp they assigned him to a group to work, the others went to the gas chamber. They sent him from that Auschwitz in three or four days to Dachau, he met two cousins there. The last message we have from him is from January 7, on a cigarette packet, where there were just a few sentences written: 'I'm here to work.' And that was the last message from him. And then we waited all through May to see if he was coming back."

  • "Czech was spoken at home, but as a three-year-old I spoke German. It was only under Hitler that German was spoken. For me German was a lot of fun because I spoke perfect German and the teacher, they didn't have any German teachers during the Protectorate. It was taught by a Czech teacher or a gym teacher, he was always one lesson ahead of the children. And when he saw that I spoke perfect German, he always came to me and asked me if his pronunciation was good. Big fun, you can't imagine."

  • Full recordings
  • 1

    Brno, 12.04.2019

    (audio)
    duration: 02:08:24
    media recorded in project The Stories of Our Neigbours
  • 2

    Brno, 11.10.2023

    (audio)
    duration: 01:14:00
    media recorded in project Stories of 20th Century
Full recordings are available only for logged users.

Eleven days separated them from freedom

Rotter Leo as a university student
Rotter Leo as a university student
photo: archive of a witness

Leo Rotter was born on 7 May 1931 in Brno. His father, Kurt Rotter, came from a Jewish family and was employed as a company director of the Stiassni Brothers factory. His mother Štěpánka, née Weber, had Catholic, Czech-German parents. In 1939, the family attempted to emigrate to England, but the departure was thwarted by the outbreak of World War II. Her father first lost his job and in April 1942 left on one of the transports to Terezín. He went through the camps at Auschwitz and Dachau and died in a German underground factory near Litoměřice in January 1945. His son Leo, a Czech-Jewish half-breed, was hiding with friends in Vysočina towards the end of the war. He and his mother survived the harsh liberation of Brno by the Red Army. After the war, Leo graduated from high school and the University of Chemical Technology, majoring in metallurgy. He connected his professional life with Šmeral’s plants, where he worked his way up to the position of head of the metallurgy department and became an expert in foundry moulding materials. There he also put his knowledge of German to good use, especially after the GDR partnership began. He married and had one daughter. After 1989 he worked as a foreign trade officer at the Feramo foundry. He retired in 2009 at the age of 87. In 2023 he lived in Brno.