František Severa

* 1947

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  • "When we arrived in Cheb, the train stopped and there were soldiers standing outside with bayonets on their rifles, no submachine guns back then, guarding... I walked out. They let me out, thinking such a little kid could do no harm... there were eight guys standing outside on the platform. My mother said that though I had never seen my father, since he was always in Bohemia and we were there [in Germany], I actually went straight to him. He had a moustache, a beard like Adolf had, that's what guys wore in those days. When playing cards, I always said that my dad was like the Jack of Hearts. Then we arrived in Rudné, but first in Nejdek where my godfather, who was my father's best man at the wedding, was waiting for us. We drove up to Rudné and there... Grandma and these people I'd never seen in my life, and I cried and wanted to go home to my other grandmother in Germany. They gave me a little violin, and then I calmed down. Slowly I got used to it, my grandmother and I were the greatest friends, she spoke almost only German, she didn't speak much Czech."

  • "Then the whole tirade started. People started poking around, saying [my mother] had no business being here, and neither had I. I was supposed to go to an orphanage and my mother to jail. They went to different doctors, I got these certificates that I was not fit to be transferred... But people wouldn't give up. Where I live in Rudné today, a major named Prokopec lived in the house behind. ours. He kept saying we had to leave, that Germans had nothing to do here, and this and that. Then another gentleman from Nové Hamry, his name was like an omen - Špína (Dirt). They were always poking around until it got so far that we were in Cheb. Then somebody thought it was impossible, so they sent us back again. But on 25 March, the last truck from Rudná left, carrying one more family. In the evening, at half past ten, they stopped at our house, and told my mother to packup because we were going to Germany together. They told dad that if he made any trouble they would take him with them and lock him up. My grandma ran upstairs, my sister was asleep, and she said, 'Elsa, come on, they have to go!' They didn't wait and left. By the time she ran downstairs, the truck was leaving. Then we got as far as Bergheim to grandma and grandpa's."

  • "All the Germans were deported in 1946, so my mother and her family had to go too although both her brothers had been somewhere on the Russian front; the older one was back home but the younger one didn't come back until 1948. Mum arrived in Germany in August; in Augsburg, in the village of Bergheim, where we eventually lived. But, as I say, it was a big love and she crossed the border back in Aš, illegally, and she met a lady who was coming back and said: Come on, let's go to the post office, send a telegram and ask him to meet you by the church in a week to see if he loves you. You can't go wrong with the church. Dad came, of course; he was working on the railway. He took mum and they went to Rudné together, and Mum would hide in her parents' house, which they got back. It wasn't taken away from them even though they were away because dad was a relative and grandma was the other grandmother's sister, so they got it and lived there. My mum hid there until October 1947 when it all blew up." - "Why did it blow up?" - "It blew up because my mother's water broke."

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    Karlovy Vary, 22.07.2023

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    duration: 01:27:25
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A deported German woman returned home. She lived in hiding for a year, only to give birth

František Severa in his childhood
František Severa in his childhood
photo: Witness's archive

František Severa was born in Karlovy Vary on 24 October 1947 into a mixed Czech-German family that lived in Rudné in Krušné Mountains most of the time. His grandfather Adolf Schreiber was persecuted by the Nazis as their political opponent after the occupation of the Sudetenland. Witness’s maternal relatives were deported after World War II, but his mother soon returned out of love for his father. She lived in hiding in Rudné for more than a year, hardly ever leaving the house; her illegal stay only became known when se have bifth to the witness. After that, the mother and son were forcibly resettled in Bergheim near Augsburg. The father repeatedly and unsuccessfully applied for the repatriation of the mother and son, and the fact that he had exited the Communist Party in 1948 played a role. It was only after three years that he was allowed to marry remotely, and the witness and his mother were allowed to return to Rudné in 1951. This is where the witness grew up and lived, and absorbed the local German dialect and traditions from his parents and grandparents, especially playing the accordion. He was living in Rudné in 2023.