Františka Veselá

* 1927

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  • "Of course, there were not only the compulsorily deployed from the Czech Republic. There were French prisoners, English, and even an Italian. One of them had malaria, he was sick somehow, and Karel's mother got quinine in Pelhřimov, so they sent it to him. The Italian asked around if anyone had the opportunity. The Italian was supposedly from a wealthier family, and he even promised afterwards that when the war was over, he would invite them to Italy. That never happened. There were also Russians as prisoners. They were the worst off. On the Germans' side - they did not consider them people. And they themselves, the Russians, were afraid that when they came back home, they wouldn't survive. To be captured was a humiliation for a Soviet citizen. They were afraid that when the war was over, what would happen to them, that they would go to the gulag. They were not at all happy that the war would end."

  • "At that time [of the Prague Uprising], we were in a shelter in the ministry building. It was not a shelter built as a shelter but an underground space where the archives were. We even had a group of people there, there was a wedding. One of those days, they had a wedding, probably at the beginning of the revolution, because they couldn't go home anymore. They were some people from the countryside probably, relatives of one family. They came there to have some kind of a get-together, but they never got anywhere and stayed with us in the shelter. We slept on the ground. But as far as food was concerned, we were well supplied - I don't know how that's possible - from the slaughterhouse. That's a short walk from Těšnov. So we were getting salami, pastries, that was from Prague 7, that was also a short distance away, there were these mills. So the food was taken care of."

  • "That day in early October, it was a Saturday, my mother sent me to go shopping. Hanička Rusňoková, who was a friend of mine, met me there, the only girl far and wide, she came with me and one other boy. We went to the shop. We had to go into town. We ran back, and I said, I remember exactly, 'Once we will run for real,' because they kept talking about it in front of us. And now we came around the corner between the buildings, and there was a tractor in front of our house, and it was a tow truck. Daddy was in the window of our apartment building and he was throwing flowers out the window to Mommy. And there was all the furniture that could fit on that barrow. There were several families of us. And Daddy, because he had a license to drive a tractor, then he got in the tractor and went to Frýdek. There was the headquarters of the State Forests and Estates. I went with my mother to the station in Těšín. We waited there overnight. Or did we go to Frýdek? I think we went to Frýdek because that's where Daddy was going. There, I waited at the station with my two-year-old brother. He was lying wrapped in a woollen blanket on the bench. It was busy there because it was starting to empty out, it was just chaos. We left with my mother and my brother for Moravia. And Daddy came to us to get some things but stayed in Frýdek. Then they returned the next day to the apartment, but you know, it had already been searched... And what they took away, they stored in Frýdek at the sawmill. Because then that day, that Saturday, the final order came for the Czechs to leave the territory of the region ofTěšín."

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    Praha, 14.11.2023

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    Praha, 21.11.2023

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The Poles behind the Olše River threatened with their fists

Františka Veselá
Františka Veselá
photo: witness archive

Františka Veselá was born Františka Turková on 8 August 1927 in Kralice na Hané. A few months later, her family moved to Český Těšín, where her father, Robert Turek, a machinist, was to take up a position as a workshop manager at the State Forests and Estates. The family lived right on the farm premises, and Františka grew up amidst the daily hustle and bustle of the agricultural economy. In the ethnically mixed region, tensions between Czechs and Poles gradually increased, culminating in the Polish occupation of Těšín after the Munich Agreement at the end of September 1938. Thereafter, the Turek family, like other Czechs, had to leave the region. They moved to Frýdek, and Františka began studying at the grammar school in Místek, which the Nazis closed in 1941 under the pretext of the students’ alleged anti-German activities. None of the students were allowed to study at any Protectorate high school. In the spring of 1942, the Turek family moved to Prague, where their father got a job as a technical administrator of the Ministry of Agriculture building. The family also lived in a service apartment in this building. Her father got Františka a spot at least at a family school, where she continued her studies until the beginning of 1945 when she was compulsorily deployed to a factory in Hloubětín. The Turek family survived the bombing and the days of the Prague Uprising in an underground shelter at the Ministry. After the war, Františka worked first in a tailor’s shop and then as an administrative worker at the Ministry of Agriculture, where she remained until her retirement. She married Karel Veselý, an electrician, and they raised two daughters together.